水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖是人為控制下繁殖、培育和收獲水生動植物的生產(chǎn)活動。一般包括在人工飼養(yǎng)管理下從苗種養(yǎng)成水產(chǎn)品的全過程。廣義上也可包括水產(chǎn)資源增殖。

水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖有粗養(yǎng)、精養(yǎng)和高密度精養(yǎng)等方式。粗養(yǎng)是在中、小型天然水域中投放苗種，完全靠天然餌料養(yǎng)成水產(chǎn)品，如湖泊水庫養(yǎng)魚和淺海養(yǎng)貝等。精養(yǎng)是在較小水體中用投餌、施肥方法養(yǎng)成水產(chǎn)品，如池塘養(yǎng)魚、網(wǎng)箱養(yǎng)魚和圍欄養(yǎng)殖等。高密度精養(yǎng)采用流水、控溫、增氧和投喂優(yōu)質(zhì)餌料等方法，在小水體中進(jìn)行高密度養(yǎng)殖，從而獲得高產(chǎn)，如流水高密度養(yǎng)魚、蝦等。

設(shè)施漁業(yè)是20世紀(jì)中期發(fā)展起來的集約化高密度養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)，它集現(xiàn)代工程、機(jī)電、生物、環(huán)保、飼料科學(xué)等多學(xué)科為一體，運(yùn)用各種新科技手段，在陸上或海上營造出適合魚類生長繁殖的良好水體與環(huán)境條件，把養(yǎng)魚置于人工控制狀態(tài)，以科學(xué)的精養(yǎng)技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)魚類全年的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、高產(chǎn)。

Aquaculture is the production of breeding, breeding and harvesting of aquatic plants under artificial control. It generally involves the whole process of growing aquatic products from seedlings under artificial breeding management. In a broad sense, it can also include the proliferation of aquatic resources.

Aquaculture has extensive, intensive and high-density intensive methods. Extensive farming is to put seed in medium and small natural waters, and rely on natural bait to develop aquatic products, such as fish farming in lakes and reservoirs and shallow sea scallops. Intensive cultivation is the use of bait and fertilization methods to grow aquatic products in small water bodies, such as pond fish farming, cage fish farming and fence farming. High-density intensive cultivation uses high-density culture in small water bodies by means of running water, temperature control, aeration and feeding of high-quality bait, so as to obtain high yield, such as high-density fish farming and shrimp.

Facility fishery is an intensive high-density aquaculture industry developed in the middle of the 20th century. It integrates modern engineering, electromechanical, biological, environmental protection, feed science and other multidisciplinary, using all the latest technology, on land or at sea. To create a good water body and environmental conditions suitable for fish growth and reproduction, put the fish in a state of artificial control, and use scientific intensive techniques to achieve stable and high-yield production of fish throughout the year.